Ringworm is a common fungal infection of the skin, not caused by a worm despite the name. It’s called “ringworm” because it often causes a red, circular, ring-shaped rash with a clearer center — but appearances can vary.
Cause:
Ringworm is caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes, which thrive on keratin (found in skin, hair, and nails).
Types of Ringworm (based on location):
| Medical Name | Common Name | Affected Area |
|---|---|---|
| Tinea corporis | Ringworm | Body |
| Tinea capitis | Scalp ringworm | Scalp |
| Tinea pedis | Athlete’s foot | Feet |
| Tinea cruris | Jock itch | Groin |
| Tinea unguium (Onychomycosis) | Nail fungus | Nails |
Symptoms:
- Red, scaly, or itchy patches
- Ring-like shape with raised edges
- Hair loss in affected area (if on scalp)
- Cracked or peeling skin (especially on feet)
Spread:
- Skin-to-skin contact
- Contact with infected items (clothes, towels, combs)
- From pets (cats and dogs often carry it)
- From soil (rarely)
Treatment:
- Topical antifungal creams (e.g., clotrimazole, terbinafine)
- Oral antifungals for more severe or scalp infections
- Keep the area clean and dry
Prevention:
- Don’t share personal items
- Keep skin dry and clean
- Wear footwear in locker rooms or public showers
- Treat infected pets if necessary